Dehydration of alcohols



Filed April 29, 1948 MET HAN Ol.

ETHANOL-WATER AZEOTROPE C3 ALCOHOLS H O C3 ALCOHOLS CANHYDROUS D RECYCLE c4+ ALcoHoLs C34 ALCOHOLS METHANOL AND HIGHER ALCOHOCS C ANHYDROUS) BUTANOL INVENTOR.

WILLIAM P. BURTON www ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 21, 41952 2,614,971 p p DEHYDRATION oF ALCoHoLs William P. Burton, Orange, N. J., assignor to The M. W. Kellogg Company, Jersey City, N. J., a

corporation of Delaware Application April`29, 1948, Serial No. 23,891

14 Claims.

This invention relates to the dehydration of alcohols and relates more particularly to the dehydration of aqueous solutions of alcohols having at least three carbon atoms per molecule. Still more particularly, the invention relates` to a method for the dehydration of aqueous solutions of alcohols having at least three carbon atoms per molecule in admixture with methanol and/or ethanol.

Heretofore several well-known methods have been employed for dehydrating methanol and higher alcohols to obtain marketable alcohols which are substantially Water-free. In the utilization of these methods no particular difficulty is` encountered in effecting the separation of commercially marketable methanol and `ethanol from higher alcohols, by reason that methanol and ethanol can be readily distilled from their aqueous solutions containing: higher alcohols, ethanol being obtained as `its` Water-azeotrope, which is its commercially marketable form. However, in attempting to dehydrate C3 and higher alcohols by the aforementioned methods, such as employing entrainers to take the water overhead by azeotropic distillation, it has been found that relatively large heat duties applied to distillation apparatus are required by reason of the proportionately large quantities of entrainer that are distilled. Furthermore, when aqueous solutions of C3 or higher alcohols are subjected to fractionation, the resulting.water-azeotropes of these alcohols represent the maximum degree of dehydration obtainable, excess Water being removed as bottoms. On the other hand, when no excess of water over the alcohol-Water azeotrope is present in the feed, the alcohol-water azeotropes are taken overhead, and some quantities of substantially Water-free alcohols are recovered as bottoms. In none of these instances can Water-free C3 and higher alcohols be recovered quantitatively. Hence, from an economic standpoint, these methods in their various modifications have not, in the aforementioned respects,

been found to be completely satisfactory.

It is, therefore, a primary object, and the process" of the invention is directed, to provide for an economical method for the dehydration of aqueous solutions of alcohols having at least three carbon atoms per molecule.

Other objects and advantages inherent in the invention will be apparent from the following more detailed disclosure.

It is known that by admixing a higher-boiling alcohol with an aqueous solution of a lower-boiling alcohol, the latter having at least three car- 2 bon atoms per -molecule, the lower-boiling alcohol may be partially recovered upon subsequent phase separation as an upper alcohol-rich phase containing the solvent higher-boiling alcohol and Water, While the lower Water-rich phase contains relatively minor proportions of the aforementioned alcohols. In this manner a partial degree of dehydration of the aqueous C3 or higher-boiling alcohol is obtained.`

In accordance Vwith one modication of the process ofV the invention, I subject an aqueous solution of a C3 or higher alcohol, or an aqueous mixture of C3 and/0r higheralcohols, to a primary distillation to take the alcohols overhead, either as their water-azeotropes or as alcoholwater mixtures, depending upon the quantity of Water present in the feed, and the efficiency of the distillation. Excess water is removed as bottoms. I next contact this distillate or relatively low-boiling fraction, with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol as asolvent treating agent whose Water-azeotropes will form two phases upon condensation.v ,4 Hence, I employ such alcohols as solvent treating agents which have at least four carbon atomsper molecule,` either in theanhydrous form or in aqueous solution, although for obvious reasons anhydrous alcohols are preferred. Upon contactJ with the treating agent, the aforementioned distillate separates into two phases, by reason of the insolubility of the treating agent and heavier alcohols in ,the` water present. The phases thus produced compriseV a lower waterrich phase and an upper alcohol-rich phase. The Water-rich phase is refiuxed to the distillation tower, while the upper alcohol-rich phase containing water in solution is transferred to a dehydration tower. The distillate from the dehydration step, comprising Cg alcohols and water, .is also transferred to the separation step, While bottoms from thedehydration tower comprising C3 and/or higher alcohols, substantially waterfree, are .removed as a product of the process. It is preferable that a portion of these substantially Water-freealcohols be recycled as the treating agentto the aforementioned.separation step. This separation step may be carried. out as a simple separation or as an extraction step comprising more than one stage, such as by employing a countercurrent extraction column, to effect more complete separation between the water and the alcohols to be dehydrated.

In another `modification of the invention, the aforementioned feed of the aqueous solution of alcohols to be dehydrated, is given a preliminary extraction with the treating agent, prior to the aforementioned primary distillation. In such event the alcohol extract is employed as the feed to the alcohol dehydration step, while the raffinate is passed to the primary distillation step, for further treatment as described above. Other modifications of the process of the invention are also possible, as hereinafter described.

The particular novelty of the process of the invention lies in employing C4 and/or higher alcohols as entraining or solvent treating agents and in the use of these treating agents for the extraction of C3 and/or higher alcohols, which form minimum boiling azeotropes with water, from the distillate obtained in the primary distillation step. Hence, the attractive feaures of the invention lie in the economies resulting in effecting the aforementioned dehydration without the use of additional entraining agents, and in the removal of relatively large amounts of water as the bottoms product in the primary distillation step, with the attendant decrease in heat load over apparatus in which such water is removed as an overhead product. Similarly, the dehydrati-on of C3 and heavier alcohols before separation of individual components, permits the removal of the lower alcohols to be more easily accomplished than they would be in the presence of water.

The accompanying drawing illustrates, diagrammatically, one form of the apparatus employed and capable of carrying out one embodiment of the process of the invention. While the invention will be described in detail by reference to the embodiment of the process employing the lapparatus illustrated in the drawing, it should be noted that it is not intended that the invention be limited thereto but is capable of other embodiments whi-ch may extend beyond the scope of the apparatus illustrated. Furthermore, the distribution and circulation of liquids and vapors is illustrated in the drawing by a diagrammatic representation of the apparatus employed. Hence, some of the mechanical elements necessary to effect the transfer of liquids and vapors and to maintain the conditions of temperature and pressure necessary to carry out the function of the apparatus, are omitted in order to simplify the description. It will be understood, howeventhat much equipment of Ythis nature is necessary and will be supplied by those skilled in the art.

Referring to the drawing, an aqueous solution of methanol, ethanol and one or more higher alcohols such as propanol and butanol is introduced through line I into a distillation tower II. Tower II is operated under proper conditions of temperature and pressure eifective to distill overhead methanol and also ethanol as its water-azeotrope. The alcohols are withdrawn through line I2 for further use or treatment outside the scope of the present process. Bottoms from tower II, comprising the aforementioned Cs and lhigher alcohols, are withdrawn through valved-line I3. At this point it should be notedthat where the -original feed contains neither methanol nor' ethanol, the aqueous solution of C3 and higher alcohols (or C3 alcohols alone) may be fed directly into line I3. This aqueous solution is next transferred through line I3 into a primary distillation tower IIS. Tower I4 is operated under proper conditions of temperature and pressure effective to distill overhead a relatively low-boiling fraction comprising a mixture of the aforementioned C3 and higher alcohols as their water-azeotropes,

or as a mixture of these alcohols in aqueous solution which are withdrawn through line I5; while bottoms from tower lf3 comprising water, alcohol-free, are withdrawn through line I 6.

The overhead from tower I4 is next contacted with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol as an extractive or selective solvent treating agent whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation. This treating agent has at least four carbon atoms per molecule, such `as butanol, and is introduced into line I5 through valved-line Il, with which line I5 connects. It Will be noted that it is desirable, but not necessary, that the alcohol treating agent be in a substantially anhydrous form. The resulting mixture in line I5 is next transferred -to a separator It in which there are obtained (by reason of the insolubility of the treating agent and heavier alcohols in the water present) a lower water-rich phase which is withdrawn through valved-line I9, and an upper alcohol-rich phase which is withdrawn through line 2). The waterrich phase is refluxed through line I9 to an upper point in tower It or to an intermedi-ate point through valved-line 2l, with which line I9 connects.

The upper alcohol-rich phase from separator I8, containing water in solution is transferred through line 20 to a dehydration tower 22. Tower 22 is operated under conditions of temperature and pressure effective to distill overhead an aqueous solution of the lowest boiling alcohol present (i. e. C3 alcohols, in the present embodiment) which contains substantially .all of the water present in the stream entering tower 22 through line 2G. This overhead distillate or relatively low-boiling fraction, is transferred through line 23 into line I 5, for further treatment in the process described above. Bottoms from tower 22, comprising substantially waterfree C3 and higher alcohols, are withdrawn through line 24 as a product of the process. In order to utilize a portion of these dehydrated alcohols as the treating agent in line l5, it is preferable that the total alcohol stream in line 24 be' transferred to a distillation tower 25, which is operated under proper conditions of temperature and pressure effective to distill C3 alcohols overhead, which are withdrawn through line 25; while bottoms comprising C4 and higher alcohols yare withdrawn through valved-line 21. All or a portion of the substantially water-free alcohols in line 21 may next be lrecycled via valvedline 28 into line Il for further use -as the treating agent in line I5. the water taken out as bottoms from the primary distillation tower I4, represents all the water present in the feed, water present in the aforementioned azeotropes being returned to this tower as reflux.

In another modication of the process of the invention, the stream of aqueous alcohols in line I3 is rst transferred through valved-line 29, into tower 22, via line 2d. In tower 22 these alcohols are dehydrated by removing all the water present as C3 alcohol-water azeotropes, which are withdrawn through line 23. Bottoms comprising anhydrous C3 and higher alcohols are withdrawn through line 24 and may be similarly processed as described above. The overhead alcohol-water azeotropes withdrawn through line 23 are next transferred into line I5, for further treatment with the alcohol treating agent introduced into line I5 through line Il, in the process hereinbefore described.

It should be noted that In still another modification of the process of thev invention, the aforementioned stream of aqueous alcohols in line i3 is given a preliminary extraction with thetreating agent, prior to the primary distillation in tower I4. For this purpose these alcohols are transferred through valved-line 3B to an extraction tower 3l. In tower 3| these alcohols are subjected to countercurrent extraction with the aforementioned alcohol treating agent introduced into tower 3l through valved-line 32, with which line Il con nects. Following treatment in tower 3l, there is obtained an extract comprising C3 and relatively large quantities of higher alcohols, containing- `a minor portion of water present in the feed entering tower 3l throughV line 3d. This extract is withdrawn through valve-line 33. The rafhnate from tower 3l, comprises C3 alcohols and relatively 4small quantities of the higher alcohols containing a major portion of water present in the feed in line Sil. This raiinate is withdrawn throughvalVed-line 34 and is transferred into tower M via line I3, for further treatment as hereinbefore described. The extract from tower 3| is transferred through line 33 into tower 22, via line Z, as a feed to the alcohol dehydration step, in the modification of the process of the invention described above. By practicing this preliminary extraction in tower 3l, a further reduction in heat-load may be obtained by reason of the reduction ofthe total quantity of alcohols and water distilled in the primary `distillation tower I4. It will be noted that dehydration is effected in tower 22 by refluxing the upper alcohol-rich phase from separator lil to this tower.

The following specific `example will serve to illustrate but is not intended in anyway to unduly `limit the scope of the present invention.

Example I Employing the apparatus exempliiied by the drawing, an aqueous solution of alcoholsl having the following rcomposition was fractionated in The bottoms from this tower comprised water, while the overhead fraction was found to have the following composition: i i Weight percent lower (water-rich) layer was found to contain 69% of the water and 1% of thetotal alcohols.

The water-rich layer was refluxed to the primary distillation tower I4, where this 1% was refracf tion comprising C3 and higher alcohols which comprises distilling said aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low `boiling fraction comprisingsubstantially all of said Cs and higher alcohols in aqueous solution and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising water, contacting said low boiling fraction with airelativelywater-insoluble alcoholhaving at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose waterazeotrope will forni two phases upon 4condensation, in amount sufficient to form a liquid extract, an extract phase comprising said C3 and higher alcohols anda minor portion of water present in said low boiling fraction and a liquid raffinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of water present in said low boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract, and recovering' substantially water-free C3 and higher alcohols from said dehydration step. 1

2. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising Ca and higher alcohols which comprises contacting said aqueous solution with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol `having at least l carbon atoms as a first `treating agent, whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount suiiicient to form a first liquid extract comprising C3 and higher al- `cohols and a minor portion of water present in Propanol 26.3 Butanol 9.6 Pentanol 4.8 Water 59.3

` This overhead was next mixed with 42 pounds of C4 and heavier alcohols per 100 pounds of dis-` tillate. The C4 and lheavier alcohols had the following composition: i y

Weight percent l The resulting mixture was next separated into two layers. The upper (alcohol-rich) layer was foundto contain 99% of the total alcohols (solvent plus feed) and 31% of the water. The

said aqueous solution and a rstliquid raffinate comprising C3 and higher alcohols and a maJ'OI' portion of water present in said aqueous solution, distilling said iirstrafiinate to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising substantially allA of said C3 and higher alcohols in aqueous solution and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising water, contacting said low boiling, fraction with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least e carbon atoms per molecule as a second treating agent whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount sufficient toform a second liquid extract comprising said` C3 and higher alcoholsand a minor portion of water present in said low boiling fraction anda second liquid raffinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion' of water present in said low `boiling fraction, dehydrating said first and second extracts, and recovering substantially water-free Cs and higher alcohols from said dehydration step. i

3. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising C3 and higher alcohols which comprises separating saidaqueous solution into a relatively low boiling fraction comprising a portion of said alcohols as their water-azeotropes and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising the remaining portion of said alcohols substantially'water-free, contacting said low boiling fraction with a relatively waterfins'oluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whosev water-azeotrope will form two phases Vupon condensation, in an amount sufficient to form a liquid extract comprising said Cs and higher alcohols Vand a minor portion of Water present insaid low boiling fraction and a liquid raffinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of water present in said low boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract phase, and recovering substantially Water-free C3 and higher alcohols from said dehydration step.

4. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising C3 and higher alcohols present in admixture With methanol and ethanol which comprises distilling said aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising methanol and ethanol-water azeotrope and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising an aqueous solution of said Cs and higher alcohols, distilling said last-mentioned aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising substantially all of said C3 and higher alcohols in aqueous solution and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising Water, kcontacting said last-mentioned low boiling fraction with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose Water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount sufcient to form a liquid extract comprising said C3 and higher alcohols and a minor portion of Water present in said last-mentioned loW boiling fraction and a liquid railinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of Water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free C3 and higher alcohols from said dehydration step;

5. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising C3 and higher alcohols present in admixture with methanol and ethanol Which comprises distilling said aqueous solution t Vobtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising methanol and ethanol-Water azeotrope and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising an aqueous solution of said Cs and higher alcohols, contacting said high boiling fraction with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon -atoms per molecule as a iirst treating agent, Whose water-azeotropewill form two phases upon condensation, in a-n amount suicient toform a first liquid extract comprising C3 and higher alcohols and a minor portion of water present in said high .boiling `fraction and a rst liquid raflinate comprising C3 and .higher alcohols and a major portion of water present in said high boiling fraction, distilling said iirst raffinate `to obtain `a relatively low `boiling fraction comprising C3 and higher alcohols'in aqueous solution and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising Water, contacting said last-mentioned low boiling fraction with a relatively Water-insoluble alcohol having jat least Y4 carbon atoms -per molecule as a second treating agent, Whose Water-azeotrope Will form twophases upon condensation, in an amount sufficient to form a `second liquid Vextract comprising said C3 yand higher alcohols and a minor portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction and a second liquid rafiinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of Water present in said'last-mentioned low boiling ffraction, dehydrating said iirst and second extracts, vand recovering substantially water-free C3 and higher alcohols from said dehydration step.

6. A method -fo-r dehydratingan aqueous solution comprising Ca and higher alcohols present in admixture with methanol and ethanol which comprises distilling said aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising methanol and ethanol-water `azeotrope and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising Ian aqueous solution of said C3 and higher alcohols, separating said last-mentioned aqueous solution into a relatively low boiling fraction comprising a portion of said alcohols as their Water-azactropes and a relatively high boiling ractioncomprising the remaining portion of said alcohols substantially water-free, contacting said lastmentioned low boiling fraction with a relatively Water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, Whose water-azeotrope will form two phases -upon condensation, in an amount sufficient to form a liquid rainate comprising Asaid C3 and higher alcohols and a minor portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction and a liquid raflinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of water present in isaid last-mentioned low boiling fraction, and recycling said extract to said dehydration step.

7. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising propanol which comprises distilling said aqueous solution to obtain a relatively lovv boiling fraction comprising substantially all of said propanol in aqueous solutionand a relatively high boiling fraction comprising water, contacting said low boiling fraction with a relatively water-insoluble alcoholv having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, Whose Water-azeotrope Will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount sufcient to form a liquid extract comprising lpropanol and a minor portion of water present jin said last-mentioned low boiling fraction and a liquid rafnate comprising propanol and a major portion of Water present in said last-mentioned 10W boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free propanol from said dehydration step.

8. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising propanol present in admixture with methanol and ethanol which comprises distilling said aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising methanol and ethanol-Water azeotropes and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising substantially .all .of said propanol in aqueous solution, distilling said last-mentioned aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising substantially all of said propanol in aqueous solution and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising Water, contacting said low boiling fraction With a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having vat least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a, treating agent, whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount suflicient to form a liquid extract comprising propanol and a minor portion of water present in vsaid last-mentioned low boiling fraction and a liquid rafilniate comprising propanol and a major portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially Water-free propanol from said dehydration step.

9. A method for dehydrating an aqueous -solution comprising propanol which comprises `distilling said' aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising at least a :portion of said propanol .as its Water-azeotrope, and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising the remaining vportion of said propanoll substantially water-free, vcontacting said low boiling fraction with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount sufricient to form a liquid extract comprising propanol and a minor portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction and a liquid rafiinate comprising propanol and a major portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free propanol from said dehydration step.

10. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising propanol present in admixture with methanol and ethanol which comprises distilling said aqueous solution' to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising methanol and ethanol-water azeotrope and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising substantially all of said propanol in aqueous solution, distilling said last-mentioned aqueous solution to obtain a relatively low boiling fraction comprising at least a portion of said propanol as its water-azeotrope and a relatively high boiling fraction comprising the remaining portion of said propanol substantially water-free, contacting said low boiling fraction with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount sufficient to form a liquid extract comprising propanol and a minor portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction and a liquid raffinate comprising propanol and a major portion of water present in said last-mentioned low boiling fraction, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free propanol from said dehydration step.

11. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising C3 and higher alcohols which comprises contacting said aqueous solution with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose water-azeotrope will form -tWo phases upon condensation, in an amount suflicient Ito form a liquid extract comprising Cs and higher alcohols and a minor portion of water present in said aqueous solution and a liquid railinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of water present in said aqueous solution, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free Cs and higher alcohols from said dehydration step.

12. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising propanol which comprises contacting said aqueous solution with a relatively water-insoluble alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose water-azeotrope will form two phases upon condensation, in an amount suicient to form a liquid extract comprising propanol and a minor portion of water present in said aqueous solution and a liquid rainate comprising propanol and a major portion of water present in said aqueous solution, dehydrating said extract and recovering substantially water-free propanol from said dehydration step.

13. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising C3 and higher alcohols which comprises contacting said aqueous solution with butanol as a treating agent, in an amount suicient to form a liquid extract comprising C3 and higher alcohols and a minor portion of water present in said aqueous solution and a liquid raffinate comprising C3 alcohols and a major portion of water present in said aqueous solution. dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free C3 and higher alcohols from said dehydration step.

14. A method for dehydrating an aqueous solution comprising C3 and higher alcohols which comprises contacting said aqueous solution with a mixture of relatively water-insoluble alcohols each having at least 4 carbon atoms per molecule as a treating agent, whose water-azeotropes will form two phases upon condensation, in an amountsuilicient to form a liquid extract comprising C3 and higher alcohols and a minor portion of water present in said aqueous solution and a liquid ramnate comprising Cs alcohols and a major portion of water present in said aqueous solution, dehydrating said extract, and recovering substantially water-free C3 and higher alcohols from said dehydration step.

WILLIAM P. BURTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,524,192 Mann Jan. 27, 1925 1,688,731 Merley Oct. 23, 1928 1,702,495 Clapp Feb. 19, 1929 v1,911,832 Lewis May 30, 1933 2,050,513 Van Peski Aug. 11, 1936 2,080,194 Barbet May 11, 1937 2,095,347 Reichardt Oct. l2, 1937 2,356,348 Patterson Aug. 22, 1944 2,402,077 Patterson June 11, 1946 2,558,557- Hess et al June :26, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country D-ate 566,025 Great rBritain Dec. 11, 1944 315,012 Germany Y Oct. 23, 1919 

11. A METHOD FOR DEHYDRATING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION COMPRISING C3 AND HIGHER ALCOHOLS WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION WITH A RELATIVELY WATER-INSOLUBLE ALCOHOL HAVING AT LEAST 4 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE AS A TREATING AGENT, WHOSE WATER-AZEOTROPE WILL FORM TWO PHASE UPON CONDENSATION, IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO FORM A LIQUID EXTRACT COMPRISING C3 AND HIGHER ALCOHOLS AND A MINOR PORTION OF WATER PRESENT IN SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION AND A LIQUID RAFFINATE COMPRISING C3 ALCOHOLS AND A MAJOR PORTION OF WATER PRESENT IN SAID AQUEOUS SOLUTION, DEHYDRATING SAID EXTRACT, AND RECOVERING SUBSTANTIALLY WATER-FREE C3 AND HIGHER ALCOHOLS FROMS SAID DEHYDRATION STEP. 